This presentation from Karsten Mader discussed the advancements and challenges in drug delivery to the inner ear. Mader's team focuses on developing various drug delivery systems, including polymers, lipids, and phospholipids, using techniques like extrusion, homogenisation, electrospinning, and microfluidics. Their primary goal is to create systems that could be translated into practical applications, particularly for controlled release technologies.
Mader highlighted the importance of controlling the amount, location, and timing of drug release, which could range from seconds to several months. He noted that while controlled release was a well-established concept, there were only a few market products, indicating room for improvement with new drug molecules and materials.
The presentation emphasised the need for drug delivery to the inner ear due to conditions like sudden hearing loss, age-related hearing loss, drug-induced ototoxicity, cochlear electrode-linked fibrosis, Meniere's disease, and inflammation. Mader explained the challenges of reaching the inner ear, which is small, sensitive, and protected by bone, with several barriers for drug molecules to cross.
Mader's team explored intratympanic and intracochlear delivery methods. Intratympanic delivery, which is minimally invasive, faces rapid elimination through the Eustachian tube, while intracochlear delivery, though more invasive, ensures the drug reached the cochlea. Possibilities considered for these kinds of delivery include nanoparticles, microparticles, and disc extrudates, to address these challenges.
The team optimised the release profiles and mechanical properties of Ozurdex, an implant usually used in the eye for ocular delivery. The group aimed for better flexibility and continuous release. Mader's research showed promising results, and the team planned to continue their efforts in this field. The presentation concluded with a discussion on the future directions of inner ear drug delivery, emphasising the need for further research and development to overcome the existing challenges and improve patient outcomes.
